Teeth and gums during pregnancy

When you become pregnant it is unlikely one of your first thoughts will be “what is going to happen to my teeth?” However, for some women hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause a number of dental issues. 

There is an increased risk of gum disease and decay during this time so it is even more important than usual that you maintain a good cleaning regime. You may find that your gums are swollen and bleed when you brush your teeth. This is called pregnancy gingivitis which is caused by a build up of plaque. 

There are plenty of things you can do to keep your mouth as healthy as possible:

• Oral hygiene

Make sure you brush your teeth for a full two minutes twice a day, using a toothpaste which contains fluoride which kills bacteria. 

Floss your teeth once a day to remove small bits of food which can cause plaque to build up.

Use a small-headed toothbrush with soft filaments.

Avoid using mouthwash which contains alcohol.

Smoking during pregnancy is not recommended but it can also make gum disease worse.

• Diet

Your diet may change during pregnancy due to food aversions or cravings. Try to avoid eating too many foods which contain acid and sugar as this can cause decay. Replace sugary snacks with vegetables, fresh fruit or plain yoghurt. Sugary drinks should also be kept to a minimum. 

If you have morning sickness and are vomiting regularly then it is recommended that you rinse your mouth with water afterwards. This will stop the acid from your stomach from damaging your teeth. Wait an hour or so before brushing your teeth as they will have been softened by the acid.

• Dental care

Women are entitled to free NHS dental care throughout their pregnancy and for the full year after their due date. You need to fill in a maternity exemption form which you can get from your doctor, nurse or midwife. 

Make sure you tell your dentist that you are pregnant. X-rays and some other treatments such as fillings will not be carried out while you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

If you have any problems during your pregnancy contact your regular dentist or call 111 if it is an emergency.

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